Applied Medical Research. 2016;
4(1):(40-176)
Lipids, lipoproteins & cd4 count of HIVinfected patients on anti-retroviral treatment
Ganiyu Babatunde Agboola, Saheed Opeyemi Usman, Olusola John Fatunmbi, Oluwalogbon Usman Yisa, Victor O Koledoye, Ibiwumi Nafisat Isola, Oluwatosin I Oni
Abstract
Background: The report of the 2012 National Reproductive Health Survey Plus indicated that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria is about 3.4% while Ondo State has a prevalence of 4.3%. HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 T-cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. This study is therefore designed to evaluate the CD4+ T cell count & lipid profile of adult HIV seropositive subjects on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and those yet to be started on HAART as well as HIV seronegative control and determine the effect of antiretroviral therapy on the parameters. Methodology: Serum levels of CD4+ count were determined using flow cytometry while serum triglycerides, total cholesterol & HDL cholesterol were determined using enzymatic spectrophotometric endpoint method. All data were expressed as Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD) and analysed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while multiple comparisons were done using Post Hoc test. Results: The mean CD4 counts of the two groups are significantly decreased as compared with control. The mean serum TG, TC and Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDLC) is significantly decreased in the HAART naïve group as compared with controls. The mean serum HDL Cholesterol is significantly decreased in the HAART group as compared with the control group, with reduction in the mean LDL cholesterol of subjects in the HAART naïve group as compared with the HAART group. Conclusion: HIV infection itself may have an effect on the metabolism of lipids and probably worsened by antiretroviral therapy as dyslipidaemia was observed mainly in the group of subjects on HAART, which constitute a major risk for cardiovascular diseases.